Cheonan, northeast of Chungcheongnam Province, is neighbors with Cheongwon County and Jincheon County of Chungcheongbuk Province to the east, and is adjacent to Asan City to the west. And the city adjoins Gongju City and Yeongi County to the south, and is borders with Pyongtaek City and Anseong City of Gyeonggi Province to the north. It covers a total area of approximately 636.25 square kilometers and has a population of 536,123 with 4 towns, 8 subcounties and 16 dongs.

The average yearly temperature is 12.5℃, the average in January is －1.9℃, and the average in August is 25.0℃. The average amount of precipitation over the year is 1,562.4mm.

As Cheonan is 83.6km away from Seoul, Cheonan as the nucleus of the country, supports the Seoul metropolitan area, and is the gateway to the western area of Chungcheongnam Province. It is now the center of transportation for the national roads, railroads and highways and is at the junctions of the three southern provinces.

In December, 2007, the number of companies registered in Cheonan government was 34,919, and the employees numbered 188,109. In terms of business type, wholesale & retail has dominated the most. In 2006 alone, total trade volume of Cheonan recorded the US$ 12.8 Billion, which accounts for US$ 8.85 Million in exports and US$4.02 Million in imports. Main export items are computer, LCD and battery.

Centering on Cheonan, the Gyeongbu expressway runs north-south, and the Changhang line extends to the south-west. And Cheonan is the place of patriotism whose land spreads to all directions (to Seoul, Jincheon, Asan, Gongju, Pyongtaek and Daejeon). Cheonan is now known as the leading city of Chugcheongnam Province.